大型地下洞室群地震水平加速度传播特征研究     

张玉敏  孙丽梅  朱泽奇 《世界地震工程》2012,28(1):44-49

考虑了高山峡谷基岩场地的深度衰减效应,假设地震危险性分析提供的水平峰值加速度的所在位置,选用攀枝花—会理地震波,通过基线校正和高频滤波作为实际地震动输入,利用FLAC3D软件对某水电站大型地下洞室群进行了地震水平加速度传播特性的研究。数值分析结果表明,厂房周围监测点水平加速度时程和输入地震水平加速度时程相似,但存在0.08～0.12s的滞后时差,输入地震动水平峰值加速度向上传播时具有放大效应,在洞室群附近放大两倍左右。所得结果对大型地下洞室群地震动传播特征问题研究具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

土层地震反应中软弱夹层对加速度反应谱的影响     

齐鑫  肖遥  赵晓辉 《防灾减灾学报》2012,28(3):1-5

为了研究土层地震反应中软弱夹层对加速度反应谱的影响,本文构造了多种包含不同厚度、不同位置软夹层的土层结构,通过国内地震安评通用的ESE软件进行计算、分析。研究结果表明,软夹层的厚度、位置、输入地震动的幅值等对加速度反应谱均有不同程度的影响,上部含有软夹层的土层结构能造成反应谱出现双峰现象,引起加速度反应谱特征周期变大。本文研究结果对软土地区工程抗震设计有一定参考价值。  相似文献   

地震反应谱初探     

刘军 《华南地震》2005,25(3):64-68

在计算地震荷载时,计算的依据是常规反应谱理论,然而,当质点间出现刚体移动时,用常规反应谱理论计算会出现奇异点.如利用相对加速度进行计算,将常规反应谱理论进行修正,所得结论将更加安全,又弥补了常规反应谱的不足.  相似文献   

A theoretical study on terrestrial gravimetric data refinement by Earth gravity models     

Mehdi Eshagh 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(1):158-171

The idea of this paper is to present estimators for combining terrestrial gravity data with Earth gravity models and produce a high‐quality source of the Earth's gravity field data through all wavelengths. To do so, integral and point‐wise estimators are mathematically developed, based on the spectral combination theory, in such a way that they combine terrestrial data with one and/or two Earth gravity models. The integral estimators are developed so that they become biased or unbiased to a priori information. For testing the quality of the estimators, their global mean square errors are generated using an Earth gravity model08 model and one of the recent products of the gravity field and steady‐state ocean circulation explorer mission. Numerical results show that the integral estimators have smaller global root mean square errors than the point‐wise ones but they are not efficient practically. The integral estimator of the biased type is the most suited due to its smallest global root mean square error comparing to the rest of the estimators. Due largely to the omission errors of Earth gravity models the point‐wise estimators are not sensitive to the Earth gravity model commission error; therefore, the use of high‐degree Earth gravity models is very influential for reduction of their root mean square errors. Also it is shown that the use of the ocean circulation explorer Earth gravity model does not significantly reduce the root mean square errors of the presented estimators in the presence of Earth gravity model08. All estimators are applied in the region of Fennoscandia and a cap size of 2° for numerical integration and a maximum degree of 2500 for generation of band‐limited kernels are found suitable for the integral estimators.  相似文献   

地震作用下含软弱夹层顺层岩质边坡表面放大效应研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

冯志仁  刘红帅  于龙 《地震学刊》2014,(1):96-100

为了研究地震作用下含软弱夹层顺层岩质边坡表面的放大效应,借用FLAC3D软件,建立了含软弱夹层顺层岩质边坡动力分析数值模型;在合理考虑地震动输入、边界条件、网格划分与模型参数的基础上,分析了地震动峰值、频率、持时以及初动方向等因素影响下的边坡表面放大效应。研究结果表明：①地震动峰值、频率和初动方向对边坡表面放大效应的影响较显著,而地震动持时对边坡表面放大效应的影响微小;②随着地震动峰值的增加,放大效应由软弱夹层之上的坡面及坡顶面向坡肩点逐渐增大,坡肩点的放大效应最大;③当输入地震动频率小于边坡的自振频率时,边坡表面加速度放大倍数较小,且频率越小,放大倍数越小,当输入地震动频率大于边坡的自振频率时,边坡表面加速度放大倍数较大,且频率越大,放大倍数亦越大。  相似文献   

Prediction of ground motion due to the collapse of a large-scale cooling tower under strong earthquakes     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

The ground motion owing to the collapse of a large-scale cooling tower under strong earthquakes was appropriately predicted using a comprehensive approach. The predicted results can be used for the safety evaluation of nuclear-related facilities adjacent to the cooling tower as well as in the planning of nuclear power plant construction in China. In this study, a cooling tower–soil model was first developed based on a falling weight–soil model, which the authors verified by falling weight tests. Then the collapse process of a cooling tower was simulated, and the collapse-induced ground vibrations were assessed by using the proposed model. Finally, the ground motion, which was a combination of the earthquake-induced ground motion and the collapse-induced ground vibrations, was estimated based on the superposition principle of waves. It was found that the cooling tower may collapse under strong earthquakes with the peak ground accelerations (PGAs) in the range of 0.35–0.45 g in x (EW) and y (NS) directions, respectively. These PGAs are far beyond the PGA range of major earthquakes in the common seismic design in China. The types of the site geologies of towers can significantly affect the collapse-induced ground vibrations. For a typical hard soil consisting of strongly weathered sandy slate, moderate ground vibrations may occur in the considered region. The collapse-induced PGAs were in the range of 0.017–0.046 g for the observed points at distances of 350 m in radial direction. For a rock-like foundation, the collapse-induced radial PGAs may be as high as 0.08 g at distances of 350 m, indicating that the effect of the collapse-induced ground vibrations on the nuclear-related facilities should be seriously assessed in certain scenarios.  相似文献   

A diagnostic study of spectral multiscaling on spatio-temporal accumulations of rainfall fields based on radar measurements over Iowa     

《Advances in water resources》2014

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基于AVO反演的频变流体识别方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张震  印兴耀  郝前勇 《地球物理学报》2014,57(12):4171-4184

研究表明流体引起衰减与频散往往表现为频变AVO现象.一些频散地震属性,例如纵波频散,已经证实为可靠的碳氢指示因子.为了更有效地识别流体,基于f-μ-ρ近似构建了新的流体因子D_f,即频变流体项.该属性的反演首先需要连续小波变换(CWT)谱分解得到不同频带地震数据,通过去相关与先验约束来保证反演结果可靠性.模型试算证实了频变反射系数近似公式的精度可靠性,D_f可以识别出强衰减介质所引起的频散现象.实际数据试算中,D_f可以较好地识别储层孔隙流体,尤其对于气层,具有较好的指示效果.该流体因子将Gassmann流体项的高孔隙流体敏感性与叠前数据丰富的振幅频率信息相结合,反演效果与岩石物理认识相符.此研究有助于利用衰减频散现象借助AVO反演实现流体识别.  相似文献   

微差爆破模拟天然地震的数值分析与效果评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张智超  陈育民  刘汉龙 《岩土力学》2013,34(1):265-274

微差爆破可以创造出与天然地震相类似的振动环境。为了更好地对爆破模拟天然地震进行研究和评价,在LS-DYNA软件框架内,建立了适合于爆炸荷载作用下土体动力分析的实用模型,对原位土体场地爆破地震动试验进行了全尺寸数值模拟,并将模拟结果与现场实测数据进行比较分析,验证数值计算的准确性。计算结果表明,模拟得到的场地质点加速度-时程与实测数据比较吻合,因此,可以预先利用数值手段为试验方案设计提供指导;同时,数值模拟还总结了现场试验中未得到的场地压力变化规律和振动规律,分析了爆破地震动与天然地震的异同,丰富了爆破地震动的研究,表明利用爆破手段能够近似地模拟天然地震,为微差爆破模拟天然地震的研究工作提供了经济、简便而实用的方法。  相似文献   

Characteristics of horizontal ground motion measures along principal directions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. P. Hong  K. Goda 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2010,9(1):9-22

<正>Ground motion records are often used to develop ground motion prediction equations(GMPEs) for a randomly oriented horizontal component,and to assess the principal directions of ground motions based on the Arias intensity tensor or the orientation of the major response axis.The former is needed for seismic hazard assessment,whereas the latter can be important for assessing structural responses under multi-directional excitations.However,a comprehensive investigation of the pseudo-spectral acceleration(PSA) and of GMPEs conditioned on different axes is currently lacking.This study investigates the principal directions of strong ground motions and their relation to the orientation of the major response axis, statistics of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane,and correlation of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane.For these,three sets of strong ground motion records,including intraplate California earthquakes,inslab Mexican earthquakes,and interface Mexican earthquakes,are used.The results indicate that one of the principal directions could be considered as quasi-vertical.By focusing on seismic excitations on the horizontal plane,the statistics of the angles between the major response axis and the major principal axis are obtained;GMPEs along the principal axes are provided and compared with those obtained for a randomly oriented horizontal component;and statistical analysis of residuals associated with GMPEs along the principal directions is carried out.  相似文献